Rio Tinto will begin construction on a new plant that will recover tellurium, a critical mineral used in solar panels, from copper refining at its Kennecott mine near Salt Lake City, Utah.

Rio Tinto is investing $2.9 million to set up the plant, which will recover tellurium as a by-product of copper smelting, extracting a valuable mineral from waste streams. The plant will have a capacity to produce approximately 20 tpy of tellurium.

Rio Tinto expects to begin production of tellurium in the fourth quarter of 2021, creating a new North American supply chain.

Tellurium is an essential component of cadmium telluride, a semiconductor used to manufacture thin film photovoltaic [PV] solar panels. Thin films made of this compound can efficiently convert sunlight into electricity. Tellurium also can be used as an additive to steel and copper to improve machinability, making these metals easier to cut. It also can be added to lead to increase resistance to sulfuric acid, vibration and fatigue.

"The minerals and metals we produce are essential to accelerate the transition to renewable energy," Rio Tinto Kennecott Managing Director Gaby Poirier said. "Adding tellurium to our product portfolio provides customers in North America with a secure and reliable source of tellurium produced at the highest environmental and labor standards with renewable energy. Rio Tinto is committed to using innovation to reduce waste in our production process and extract as much value as possible from the material that we mine and process."

Utah Gov. Spencer Cox added, "With abundant natural resources, Utah is ideally positioned to help supply the critical minerals essential to maintain American manufacturing competitiveness. Rio Tinto's smelter at Kennecott is one of only two that is capable of producing copper and other critical minerals. The new tellurium plant is another valuable contribution to critical mineral independence and energy security in the U.S."

Along with producing almost 20 percent of U.S. copper, Kennecott's smelting process also recovers gold, silver, lead carbonate, platinum, palladium and selenium, while molybdenum is recovered from the Copperton concentrator. In total, nine products are currently recovered from the ore extracted at Kennecott.

About Rio Tinto

Rio Tinto is a partner with the U.S. Department of Energy's Critical Materials Institute [CMI] and works closely with CMI experts to discover further ways to economically recover critical mineral byproducts such as rhenium, tellurium and lithium. The company also is investing in new facilities to extract battery grade lithium from waste rock at its Boron, Calif., mine site and high-quality scandium oxide from waste streams at its metallurgical complex in Sorel-Tracy, Quebec, Canada.

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